Superheater



Patented Feb. 24,1920.

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F. 0. BYNOE.

SUPERHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 28,191].

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F. O. BYNOE.

SUPERHEATER.

APPLICAT|0N nuzo MAR. 28. 1911.

Patented Feb. 24,1920.

F. 0. BYNOE.

SUPERHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 28. 1911.

Patented Feb. 24,1920.

5 SHETSSHEET 4.

F. 0. BYNOE.

SUPERHEAIER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 28,1917- 1,331,841. Patented Feb. 2%,1'920.

5 SHEETSSHEET 5.

REDE IGK T YnY E, orfnc'ron,,nnerann essreuon o. HIGH rn vrrnnarnnn qnunnnrons LIMITEP; orgnonnon, ENGLAND, econronerron F queer nnrrAIN.

"To gzzll whom it mag concern:

Be it known; that I, iFRnDnRrcK: OATLuY BYNOE, a subject of the King of Great 'Brltain and ilreland, and-resident of Acton, 1 countyoftMiddlesex; England, have invented certain-newand useiiul. Improvements in and Relating to 'Superheaters, .ofzwhich the following is a specification.

My invention of improyements in and relating to asuperheaters is adirectedito that type of superheater in-- Whichcompound .or

eccentrically, this arrangementbeingflso disposed. in connect-ionwi'th a header that the inner tube can .be independently Withdrawn. from the outer tuber; for inspection of .both

outer and inner tubesawithoutinterfering with any other of a series of tubes, orthatian outer: tube can: beiremoved for inspection Without .interferingwith those-that" remain.

The invention also -comprises f fiangedginlet and .dlstrlbuting header; flanged collecting and outlet header, or acombmed fiangedi'ns let distributing header and flanged collecting;

outlet header, flangedreturn-bends connecting eachpassage in aninlet header. WithgthG correspondlng passage 1nan ,outlet. Jheader,

the outertu-bes of the compounditubes being connected by theirfianged ends to. one" face oi .theloutlet header, While the 1111161; tubes areconnected to the outer .face of theinlet passage 1n the, outlet header so that w it proheaderfby-return bends Which carry said in- .nertubes, said inner tubespassing through said outlet header into the. outer tubes.

.The .iolloWingdescription vtogether with .theaccompanying sheets of;dra-Wings will i make clear the .details and method-of carry- ,ing' out my invention.

Iqwill first generally; describe the 1 only, a detailed .;description of which ,fol-

' lowsv hereinafter. I

Figure 1 1s a sect1onal.-y1eW-. Showing a flanged headerwand superheaterg tube constructed inaccordance-with the, present invention, said superheater ,tube consisting of i an outercylindricahshaped tube a sealed at Specification of Letters Patent.

heatertubebut 'shoivn detached.

Patented Feb. 24,; 19 20.

-npplication-nled=March 28. 1917. -Ser ia1;No. 158,109;

one end, containing a; tapered inner -tube cl wlth its W dest part at theopen free end.

.13 1g. 2: is. asectional vievi'of lsaidsuper- Fig.1 3 represents J an outer tapered tube a wlth the Widest-end. attached to a flange and containing an: inner tapered: tube: d. Flgut'irepresents anfouter tube axvith. an inner cylindrical parallel tube d placed within it.

;:Fig.:5 represents a Wlth a tapered inner tube (Z. placed eccentrically within it.

Flg. 6 represents a tapered outer-tuber with a tapered tubed placed: eccentrically Within: it.

riFig. 7; represents.an elevation ofxthe superheaten tube and flanged header. .shown in Fig. 1.

1E'g;:'8.'s. a plan viewof Fig;v 7.

LFlg.z9-l$ an: end View of Fig: 7.

ri'Fig...1 0 is a sectional drawing of a. combination headelg vizfa distributingor inlet .headercombined;with acollecting or outlet .he-ader. 'vThe distributing or .inleth'eader h has. a main passage, open. at each end. with distributing v1 passages leading out from one .SlClG conly. j: from the =1nainp.passage. ;The collectlngheader 0 has a main passage,

open, at. each .end,. with collecting passages open ng 1n J1me 'to opposite sides of :the

. header. ,All." openingsare :flanged forx at- A flanged return bend f connectseach passage? in .the ,inlet gheader h with the corresponding one in the t'achment to other pa rts.

outlet header 0. Oneend oi; ,aniinnertube d .is-fitted into the op'eningin thejpassage b inthe return .bend which is over; thecross jects throughthe other side a of} the, header.

through which the inner tube projecting.

By this arrangement the, use, of separate distributing and collecting headers is obviated. wF g. 11- is a side .viewof the combined inlet or distributing header. ith the combined outlet orcollecting header..with" tubes ata cylindrical outer tube the entrance to the superheater tubes. In this form the flange f carrying the inner tube d is separate from the part f containing the connecting passage.

Fig. illustrates the face of the flanged part represented in Figs. 13 and 14.

Fig. 16 illustrates the arrangement of headers in a series of superheater tubes with the/type of header shown. in Figs. 1, 7, 8 and 9.

Fig. 17 illustrates the arrangement of combined headers in a series of superheater tubes with the type of headers shown in Figs. 10, 11 and 12.

Figs. 18 and 19 are part sections of a removable cone and a thimble-shaped cover of I refractory material used as a protection for e the outer superheater tubes.

' sage b in the-header.

Fig. 20 is a vertical sectional view showing how a chamber superheater tube, 1 its headers and flanged return'bend are assembled. V

Fig. 21 is an end View partly in section of said Fig. 20.

Fig. 22 is a plan view thereof partly in section. g Flgs. 23 and 24- show how a circular superheater may be constructed in accordance with the invention;. Fig. 23 being a vertical section and Fig. 24 being a horizontal section. 1

Referring in detail'to the drawings, like letters are used to indicate the same parts.

In carrying out my invention, I construct.

an outer tube or chamber aFig. 1--which may have any sectionalshape, sealed at one end a, and at the other end a 'opening into an outlet passage 1) in a flanged header 0.

This flanged headerc is provided with two passages separated from one another by a wall or diaphragm 9, one passage being elbow-shaped and the other T-shaped, one

end of the cross passage in the T opening on to the same side of the header as one of covers the T passage in the header 0 is fitted one end of the inner tube d, open at both ends 01, 01 the open end d of said tube d reaching nearly to the closed end a of the outer tube a. The other end d is attached to the above mentioned header 0 in such a manner that it terminates in an inletpas- Thus, an annular space 6 is produced between the inner and outer tubes.

By this construction, steam or vapor entering by way of the inlet 6 in the header 0 and into the inner tube d has to flow to the end d of said inner tube and then pass by way of the annular space 6 between the inner and outer tubes to the outlet 7), and as it also make the outer'tube a+Fig. 3-tapered with its outlet end a? larger than the sealed 'end'a.

As the part of the superheater tubes through which the thickest sectional area of steam is flowing must be attacked by the hottest portion of gases from the furnace, I

mount the inner tube d-Figs. 4i, 5 and 6- eccentrically in the'outer tube a in such a if the tubes are vertical or staggered, that side is placed in the direction of the approaching hot gases from the furnace.

The construction above mentioned provides that only the outer tube a is subjected to the destructive gases of the furnace and is the only part likely to require renewing through being burnt.

. manner that the part of the outer tube which In order that the tubes may beeasily eX- i amined, cleaned or renewed, I construct a combined inlet and outlet header cI*igs. 1 and 7 to 17in such manner. that the inner tube (5 is attached to a flanged return bend f'-Fig. 1--having an internal' passage 6, one end Fig. 1of which opens into the inner tube, while the other end opens into an inlet passage in the header. The inlet passage in the header is separated from the outlet by a diaphragm g-Fig. 1. hen the flanged returned bend f with the inner tube attached is bolted in position, thesteam enters the inlet passage b, passes'down the inner tapered tube (ZFig. 3and exhausts through the outlet bFig. 1by way of the annular space eFig. 1-between the inner.

and outer tubes. When the flanged returned bend fFig. 1is removed, the slots in the flanges permitting the easy and sidewise removal of the bolts and nuts, the inner tapered tube is withdrawn and the internal part of the outer tube is exposed to View and can be dealt with for inspection or cleaning purposes or for renewal.

In order that the superheater tubes shall be heated by an increasing graduation of temperature from steam inlet to outlet, I

provided with diagonal slots as shown in the return bend f arrange tl'ie su'perheater tubes as follows Figs. 16' and 17and their outlets connected I up with the inlets of another-parallel" row of si'iperheater tubes, and so onindefinitely, the last row of outlets being connected with a collecting outlet header 7'Fig, '16; In the form of headershown-in"Fig. 17, no extra collecting header is required, as both inlet and outlet form distributing and collecting headers themselves.-

In order that the steam passingthrough the superheater tubes shall absorb all the heat possible from the furnace gases, I make the annular space eFig. 1between the inner and outer tubes of small cross section, so that the whole body of steam is subjected throughout to the heat surrounding the outer tubes.

In order to provide the greatest possible protection to the parts of the superheater tubes which are subjected to the hottest furnace gases, the outer tubes may have removable jackets r-Fig. l8of highly refractory material which can be cylindrical or of thimble or conical shape so that they can be easily removed or replaced.

The outer chamber a is by its flanged end secured to the inner flange of the collecting header 0 which is formed with a passage b- Fig. 20-and'through said passage and into the chamber a are passed the inner tubes (i, said tubes cl being carried by the independent and rectangular flange F. This flange f abuts against the other flange of the header 0 and against such flange abuts the rectangularly shaped return bend f, said bend, independent flange and header being bolted together by bolts taking in the slots (not shown in said Figs. 20, 21 and 22). To the upper part of the bend f is bolted the distributing header h, which header 7;, is provided with a rectangular T-shaped passage and openings 5. Steam enters by way of passage 1) in the inlet or distributing header 12., passes down through the passages b in to the inner tubes d in chamber a, then through annular space 6 to outlet 7) of the collecting or outlet header 0.

All flanges of header, bends or the like are the various figures instead of holes so that the bolts can be withdrawn sidewise instead of longitudinally. This facilitates the removal of the bolts, and consequently the flanges, if said bolts should be burnt. and the screw threads destroyed.

In Figs. 23 and 24 is shown how the distributing headers h and the collecting headers 0 may be made to form circles or arcs of circles with the superheater tubes pointing toward the center, the outer tubes a, if desired, being'provided witlrreniovable highly --refra'ctory jackets orcones '1*-Fig. 19--and as theworking ispractically the-same'as in the previous arrangement, further descripti'on is deeme'd unnecessary.

This form of superheater '1sespec1ally suited forround flues,such' as are in'use with vertical boilers.

superheater tubes have been "protected by communication with the inlet opening of the header, said tubes being arranged in spaced relation to provide a gradual increase of the sectional area through the tubes from the inlet to the. outlet.

2. A superheater unit including in combination with a header having inlet and outlet openings, a closed heater tube in communication with the outlet opening of the header, and an inner vapor tube arranged within the outer tube to provide between it and said outer tube a steam passage of flaring width whereby that part of the outer tube which is spaced farthest from the inner tube is subjected to the greatest heat.

3. A superheater unit including a header having a horizontal passage-way in communication with a right angularly disposed outlet passage, and also having an inlet passage, a plate adapted to be fitted to one side of the header, an outer tube carried with said plate and adapted to fit over one end of said horizontal passage way of the header,

a detachable cap member fitted to the other side of said header and having a passage way for registering with the inlet passage of the header, and an internal tube carried by said detachable member and projecting through the header and into the outer tube.

4. A superheater unit including a header having a transverse passageway and a longitudinal passageway in communication therewith, and also having another longitudinal passageway which opens at the side of the. header, an external tube closed at one end and fitted'to the transverse passageway of the header, a member having a curved passageway, one end of which communicates with the end of the passageway in the header that opens at the side thereof, and an in ternal tube carried 'by said member and in communication with the other end of said curved passageway therein, saidtube projecting through the transverse passageway of the header and into the external tube.

5. .A superheater unit including a header having a raw steamtinlet. passage and a superheated steam outlet passage, a tube closed at one endjand in communication with said superheated steam passage, a detachable fitting having an interior U-passage, an inner tube supported by said fitting and adapted to project through the superheated steam passage of the header and into said outer tube, and the said U-passage of the fitting communicating With the raw steam inlet of the header.

In testimony whereof I have afiixedmy signature this 2nd day of March, 1917 FREDERICK OATLEY-BYNOE.

Witnesses: I

BENJ. Trros KING, R0131; I-IIJ'NTER. 

